分词作宾补作定语的知识网络讲解
作宾补
1. 常构成“感官动词/使役动词+宾语+doing sth/done”
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.   很抱歉让你等了这么久。
2. 现在分词做宾补表示动作与谓语同时发生或正在进行，强调动作过程；与宾语有着逻辑上的主谓关系，宾补一般为宾语所做的动作；过去分词做宾补表示动作完成,与宾语有着动宾关系且含有被动意义，宾语是过去分词表示的动作的承受者。
He watched the TV set carried out of the room. 他看着电视机从房间里走了出来。
3. 变为被动结构,宾补就成了主语补足语，与谓语一起称为“复合谓语”.
We were kept waiting for quite a long time.  我们等了很长时间。
作定语
1. 现在分词作定语，分词应放在被修饰的名词之后；表示正在进行的动作时,变为从句时要用进行时态和表示经常性的动作或现在的状态时,变为从句时要用一般时态；同被修辞的词（先行词）有逻辑上的主谓关系，在意义上相当于一个主动语态的定语从句。
Who is the man standing （= who is standing） by the door?

站在门口的那个人是谁？

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2. 过去分词作定语时，分词应放在被修饰的名词之后；表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前/不确定；同被修辞的词（先行词）有逻辑上的动宾关系，在意义上相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
Is this the book recommended（=that/which was recommended ） by our teacher?
这是我们老师推荐的那本书吗？

1. He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
A. to act          B.  to have acted      C. acting      D. having acted
2. — I hope to take the computer course.
— Good idea. ____ more about it, visit this website.
A. To find out            B. Finding out        C. To be finding out       D. Having found out
3. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying________.
A. connected    B.  connecting    C. to connect        D.  to be connected
4. The lecture ________, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. having been given
5. ________ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
A. Working out      B. Worked out          C. To work out      D. Work out
6. ____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
A. Understanding B. To be understood
C. Being understood D. Having understood
7. ______ what you’re doing today important, because you’re trading a day of your life for it
A. Make B. To make C. Making D. Made
8. Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _______ to guard her.
A. to appoint          B. appointing            C. appointed            D. having appointed
9. ________  at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again.
A. Having eaten    B. To eat    C. Eat  D. Eating

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